The following are some of the benefits of groundwater, including:

• Groundwater is part of the hydrological cycle or water cycle which continues over and over again
• Water also functions as a source of electricity generation, for example in the underground river in the South Gombong karst area which utilizes underground water flows for independent electricity
• Groundwater functions to fulfill various household needs, such as bathing, cooking, drinking and washing
• Agricultural irrigation, in farmers’ fields which are located far from water sources such as rivers, generally they will then make drilled wells to meet the various water needs of agricultural crops
• Fulfill various industrial needs that require water in the production process, for example in textile factories that require water for dyeing, the leather industry to clean leather, and so on
• Groundwater in the form of underground rivers can be a natural research location regarding hydrological systems, biota, and others.
• Ground water in underground caves can then also be developed into tourism objects

Types of Ground Water

In the field of Hydrogeology, groundwater based on its location is divided into 2 types, namely:

• Phreatic groundwater is groundwater on a shallow surface where it is located not far from the ground surface and is above a water-resistant layer, for example in well water.

• Deep Ground Water or also known as Artesian is ground water that is located between the aquifer layer and impermeable rock, for example in artesian wells. Artesian water is also called deep ground water, because it can be found at a depth of 30m – 80m from the ground surface. This ground water can also be drunk or consumed directly because it has been completely filtered and is free from germs or bacteria.

Based on its origin, groundwater is divided into 3 types, namely:

• Meteorite Groundwater (Vados) is groundwater that comes from the process of cloud precipitation (rain) which is mixed with meteorite dust and then experiences condensation.

• New Groundwater (Juvenile) is groundwater that comes from within the earth due to the pressure of magma intrusion, for example in geysers or hot springs.

• Konat water is groundwater trapped in ancient rock layers.

Soil Water Content

The composition of substances dissolved in groundwater itself can then be further grouped into 4 groups (Hadipurwo, 2006), including:

• The main elements of ground water (major constituents) which have a content of 1.0 – 1000 mg/l, include calcium, sodium, magnesium, sulfate, chloride, silica and bicarbonate.

• Groundwater secondary elements (secondary constituents) which have a content of 0.01-10 mg/l, include iron, strontium, potassium, carbonate, nitrate, boron and fluoride.

• Minor groundwater elements (minor constituents) which have a content of 0.0001-0.1 mg/l, which include aluminum, athymon, arsenic, barium, cadmium, chromium, bromine, cobalt, copper, titanium, vanadium, germanium , iodine, phosphate, rubidium, lead selenium, lithium, molybdiunum, nickel, manganese, uranium and zinc

• Rare groundwater elements (trace constituents) which contain less than 0.001 mg/l, include beryllium, bismuth, cerium, cesium, gallium, gold, indium, lanthanum, niobium, platinum, radium, ruthenium, scandium, silver, thallium, tharium, tin, tungsten, yttrium, zircon