Have you ever seen a groundwater well in your house? Is the well shallow or smaller and looks deep? Of course, many types of wells have been drilled for groundwater, especially deep wells that cannot be reached by manual labor.

Groundwater drilling is an activity of making groundwater wells which is carried out in accordance with technical guidelines as a means of exploration, extraction, use and exploitation, monitoring or replenishment of groundwater. There are various types of drilled wells that can be adapted to the desired location and needs, namely:

1. Artesian Well
2. Pump Well
3. Excavated Wells
4. Drilling Wells
5. Infiltration Well
6. Pantek Well

How to do groundwater drilling?

Groundwater drilling is carried out through several stages, namely:

1. Location planning stage
2. Preparatory stage
3. Initial stage of drilling (pilot hole)
4. Electrical logging stage
5. Stage of enlarging the drill hole (reaming hole)
6. Well construction stage
7. Casing pipe and screen construction stage
8. Gravel pack stage
9. Washing and cleaning stage (well development)
10. Pumping test stage
11. Finishing stage

What needs to be prepared to have groundwater drilling?

• Application form
• Proof of land ownership/control can be in the form of a Sale and Purchase Deed (AJB), Ownership Certificate (SHM), Building Use Rights Certificate (SHGB), or Rental Agreement.
• Owned Business License (NIB KBLI)
• Environmental permits/documents and/or environmental approvals issued by authorized agencies in accordance with statutory regulations
• Statement letter from the Department of Human Settlements and Water Resources containing the availability/unavailability of surface water
• Drawing of the drilled/dug well construction plan
• Planned amount of groundwater withdrawal in m³/day
• Groundwater use plan
• Especially for medium and large business groups accompanied by a groundwater drilling company permit and a drilling installation certificate from the company carrying out groundwater exploration drilling/excavation
• Driller Certificate
• Geoelectric measurement results report
• Results of public consultation on groundwater use plans

Source:
Banunaek, N. (2016). Groundwater Exploration, Advanced Hydrogeology. Kupang.
Chow, V.T. (1964). Hand Book of Applied Hydrology. Mc Graw-Hill Book Co. Inc. New York.